Nhasi tinofunga nezvemvuraheliyamusechinhu chinotonhora kupfuura zvose panyika. Yava nguva yekumuongororazve here?

Kushomeka kwehelium kuri kuuya

Heliumndicho chinhu chechipiri chinowanikwa zvakanyanya muchadenga, saka kushomeka kunogona sei kuitika? Unogona kutaura zvakafanana nezvehydrogen, iyo inonyanya kuwanikwa. Pangave paine akawanda ari pamusoro, asi kwete akawanda ari pasi. Hechino chatinoda.Heliumhaisi musika mukuruwo. Chinodiwa chegore negore chepasi rose chinofungidzirwa kuva mabhiriyoni matanhatu emamita ekubikisa (Bcf) kana mamiriyoni zana nemakumi manomwe emamita ekubikisa (m3). Zvakaoma kuziva mutengo uripo, nekuti mutengo unowanzo tauriranwa nechibvumirano pakati pemutengi nemutengesi, asi Cliff Cain, CEO wekambani yekupa mazano egasi risingawanzoitiki Edelgas Group, akapa nhamba yemadhora zana nemakumi masere ($1800/mamiriyoni emamita ekubikisa (mcf). Edgar Group inoongorora musika uye inopa mazano kumakambani mazhinji anoshanda mumusika. Musika wepasi rose wemvura.heliyamumuhuwandu hunogona kusvika mabhiriyoni matatu emadhora.

Kunyange zvakadaro, kudiwa kuri kuramba kuchikura, kunyanya kubva mubazi rezvehutano, sainzi netekinoroji uye makambani emuchadenga, uye "zvicharamba zvichikura", akadaro Cain.Heliumine simba rakapetwa kanomwe kupfuura mhepo. Kutsiva mhepo iri mudhisiki redhisiki neheliyamuzvinogona kuderedza kusagadzikana, uye dhisiki inogona kutenderera zviri nani, saka madhisiki akawanda anogona kuiswa munzvimbo shoma uye kushandisa simba shoma.HeliumMadhiraivha akaoma akazadzwa anowedzera kugona ne50% uye kushanda nesimba ne23%. Nekuda kweizvozvo, nzvimbo zhinji dzedata dzemhando yepamusoro ikozvino dzinoshandisa madhiraivha akaoma akazadzwa nehelium ane simba rakawanda. Anoshandiswawo kune vanoverenga mabarcode, machipisi emakombiyuta, masemiconductor, maLCD panels, uye tambo dzefiber optic.

Imwe indasitiri iri kukura nekukurumidza iri kudya zvinhu zvakawandaheliyamu, inova indasitiri yemuchadenga. Helium inoshandiswa mumatangi emafuta eroketi, masateliti uye ma particle accelerators. Kuwanda kwayo kushoma zvinoreva kuti inogona kushandiswawo pakunyura mugungwa rakadzika, asi kushandiswa kwayo kwakakosha ndeyekutonhodza, kunyanya kumagineti ari mumichina yeMRI (magnetic resonance imaging). Anofanira kuchengetwa pedyo ne zero chaiyo kuti arambe aine hunhu hwe quantum yemagineti pasina kurasikirwa nesimba rawo. Muchina weMRI wakajairika unoda marita 2000 emvura.heliyamuGore rapera, United States yakaita bvunzo dzenyukireya dzinosvika mamiriyoni makumi matatu nemasere (38 million nuclear magnetic resonance exam). Forbes inotenda kutiheliyamukushomeka kwemishonga kungave kuri dambudziko rinotevera rezvehutano pasi rose.

"Zvichienderana nekukosha kwekushandisa magnetic resonance imaging munharaunda yezvokurapa,heliyamuDambudziko iri rinofanira kuva musimboti wevezvematongerwo enyika, vanogadzira mitemo, vanachiremba, varwere neveruzhinji kuti vakurukure nekutsvaga mhinduro dzinogara kwenguva refu. Kushomeka kweheliyamuidambudziko guru, iro rinokanganisa isu tose zvakananga kana kuti zvisina kunanga.”

Uye mabharumu epati.

Mutengo wehelium uchakwira

Kana uri kambani yezvemuchadenga ine bhizinesi rinotsamira pakutumira masateraiti muchadenga, kana mugadziri weMRI ane bhizinesi rinotsamira pakutengesa michina yeMRI, hauzobvumiriheliyamukushomeka kunokanganisa bhizinesi rako. Hamuzomisi kugadzira. Muchabhadhara chero mutengo unodiwa uye muchabhadhara mari yacho. Nharembozha, makomputa nezvimwe zvinodiwa muhupenyu hwemazuva anoheliyamuHapana chinotsiva helium, pasina icho taizodzokera kuNguva yeMatombo.

Heliumibasa rekuchenesa gasi rechisikigo. Nyika huru inogadzira gasi pasi rose iUnited States (inoita 40% yemafuta anowanikwa), ichiteverwa neQatar, Algeria neRussia. Zvisinei, nyika yeUnited Statesheliyamureserve, iyo inzvimbo huru pane dzose dzehelium pasi rose mumakore makumi manomwe apfuura, yakamira kupa magetsi munguva pfupi yapfuura. Kambani iyi iri kubvumidza vashandi kuti vabve, uye kumanikidzwa kuri kurongwa kwabviswa. Kana 1200 psi ichidiwa pakugadzira, kumanikidzwa kwava 700 psi. Zviri pachena kuti, sisitimu iyi iri kutengeswa pari zvino.

Magwaro aya akasangana nekunonoka muWhite House, izvo zvingatora nguva kuti zvigadziriswe. Hatizooni musika kusvika zvagadziriswa. Vatengi vanogona kunge vachifanirwawo kuziva nezvezvinhu zvakasvibiswa uye nyaya dziri kuenderera mberi dzematare. Kuwanikwa kwemidziyo mikuruheliyamuChivako chitsva chakavakwa neGazprom muAmur, kumabvazuva kweRussia, chakavharwawo, uye hazvigoneke kuti pachava nekugadzirwa kwechinhu ichi gore ra2023 risati rapera, nekuti chinovimba nemainjiniya ekuMadokero, avo vasingade kutumira vashandi kuRussia pari zvino.

Chero zvazvingava, zvichave zvakaoma kuti Russia itengese kunze kweChina neRussia. Kutaura zvazviri, Russia ine mukana wekuva mugadziri mukuru wezvigadzirwa pasi rose - asi iyi ndiyo Russia. Pakutanga kwegore rino, Qatar yakambovharwa kaviri. Kunyangwe yakavhurwazve, muchidimbu, takasangana nemamiriro ezvinhu anonzi helium deficiency 4.0, inova ndiyo yechina pasi rose helium deficiency kubvira muna 2006.

Mikana muindasitiri yehelium

Sezvakaita neheliyamukushomeka kwe1.0, 2.0 ne3.0, kukanganiswa kwekuwanikwa kwezvinhu muindasitiri diki kwakakonzerawo kunetseka. Kushomeka kwehelium 4.0 kungoenderera mberi kwe2.0 ne3.0. Muchidimbu, nyika inoda kuwanikwa kutsva kweheliyamuMhinduro ndeyekuisa mari muvagadziri vehelium nevagadziri vezvinhu. Kune vazhinji vari kunze, asi semakambani ese ezviwanikwa zvechisikigo, 75% yevanhu ichakundikana.