Silanemusanganiswa wesilicon nehydrogen, uye izwi rinowanzoreva nhevedzano yemakomboni. Silane inonyanya kusanganisira monosilane (SiH4), disilane (Si2H6) uye mamwe epamusoro-level silicon hydrogen komisheni, ine general formula SinH2n +2. Nekudaro, mukugadzirwa chaiko, isu tinowanzo taura nezve monosilane (kemikari formula SiH4) se "silane".

Electronic-giredhisilane gasiinonyanya kuwanikwa neyakasiyana-siyana reaction distillation uye kucheneswa kwesilicon powder, hydrogen, silicon tetrachloride, catalyst, etc. Silane ine kuchena kwe3N kusvika 4N inonzi industrial-grade silane, uye silane ine kuchena kweinopfuura 6N inonzi electronic- giredhi silane gasi.

Senzvimbo yegesi yekutakura zvinhu zvesilicon,silane gasirave rinokosha rinokosha gasi risingagoni kutsiviwa nemamwe akawanda manyuko esilicon nekuda kwekuchena kwayo kwepamusoro uye kugona kuwana kutonga kwakanaka. Monosilane inogadzira crystalline silicon kuburikidza nepyrolysis reaction, inova imwe yenzira dzekugadzira hukuru hwegranular monocrystalline silicon uye polycrystalline silicon munyika.

Silane maitiro

Silane (SiH4)igasi risina ruvara rinosangana nemhepo uye rinokonzera kudzipwa. Rinofanana nesilicon hydride. Iyo kemikari formula yeSilane ndeyeSiH4, uye zvirimo zvakakwirira se99.99%. Patembiricha yemumba uye kumanikidzwa, silane igasi rine muchetura rinonhuwa. Nzvimbo yekunyungudika ye silane i -185 ℃ uye nzvimbo yekuvira i -112 ℃. Patembiricha yemumba, silane yakagadzikana, asi kana ichipisa kusvika 400 ℃, inoora zvachose kuita gaseous silicon nehydrogen. Silane inopfuta uye inoputika, uye inopisa zvakanyanya mumhepo kana halogen gasi.

Nzvimbo dzekushandisa

Silane ine huwandu hwakawanda hwekushandisa. Pamusoro pekuve iyo inonyanya kushanda nzira yekubatanidza masilicon mamorekuru kumusoro kwesero panguva yekugadzirwa kwemasero ezuva, inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzira zvidyarwa zvakaita semiconductors, flat panel displays, uye girazi rakavharwa.

Silanendiyo silicon sosi yemakemikari vapor deposition maitiro akadai secrystalline silicon imwe chete, polycrystalline silicon epitaxial wafers, silicon dioxide, silicon nitride, uye phosphosilicate girazi muindasitiri yesemiconductor, uye inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzira nekuvandudza masero ezuva, silicon copier madhiramu. , photoelectric sensors, optical fibers, uye magirazi chaiwo.

Mumakore achangopfuura, kushandiswa kwepamusoro-tekinoroji yema silanes kuchiri kubuda, kusanganisira kugadzirwa kwemhando yepamusoro ceramics, zvinhu zvinoumbwa, zvinoshanda, biomaterials, yakakwirira-energy zvinhu, nezvimwewo, zvichiva hwaro hwehuzhinji hutsva tekinoroji, zvinhu zvitsva, uye zvitsva. zvishandiso.