Masayendisiti nemainjiniya vakaedza muenzaniso webharumu reVenus muBlack Rock Desert yeNevada muna Chikunguru 2022. Mota yakaderedzwa yakabudirira kupedzisa rwendo rwekutanga rwendege mbiri.

Nekupisa kwayo kukuru uye kumanikidzwa kwayo kukuru, pamusoro peVenus pane hutsinye uye hapakanganwiki. Kutaura zvazviri, ma probes akasvika ipapo kusvika pari zvino angotora maawa mashoma chete. Asi pangave neimwe nzira yekuongorora nyika ino ine njodzi uye inonakidza kupfuura ma orbiter, ichitenderera zuva iri pedyo nePasi. Ndiyo bharumu. Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) yeNASA muPasadena, Calif., yakashuma musi wa10 Gumiguru, 2022 kuti bharumu re robhoti remudenga, rimwe rema roboti aro emudenga, rakabudirira kupedzisa rwendo rwekuyedza kaviri pamusoro peNevada.

Vaongorori vakashandisa muenzaniso wekuyedza, bharumu rakatetepa iro rimwe zuva raigona kuyambuka mumakore akakora eVenus.

Kubhururuka kwemuenzaniso wekutanga webharumu reVenus

Chikepe cheVenus Aerorobot chakarongwa chine dhayamita ye 12 metres, saizi yeprototype yacho inosvika 2/3.

Chikwata chemasayendisiti nemainjiniya kubva kuJPL neNear Space Corporation muTillamook, Oregon, ndivo vakaedza kubhururuka. Kubudirira kwavo kunoratidza kuti mabharumu eVenus anofanira kukwanisa kurarama mumhepo yakakora yenyika iyi iri pedyo. PaVenus, bharumu richabhururuka pakakwirira kwemakiromita makumi mashanu nemashanu pamusoro pemvura. Kuti rienderane nekupisa uye huwandu hwemhepo yeVenus mukuyedza, chikwata chakasimudza bharumu rekuyedza kusvika pakakwirira kwemakiromita imwe chete.

Munzira dzose, bharumu rinoita sezvarakagadzirwa. Jacob Izraelevitz, Muongorori Mukuru weJPL Flight Test, Nyanzvi yeRobotics, akati: "Tinofara zvikuru nekushanda kweprototype. Yakatanga, yakaratidza maneuverance inodzorwa yekukwira, uye takaiwana iri mumamiriro akanaka mushure mekubhururuka kwese kuri kuviri. Takanyora data rakawanda kubva kundege idzi uye tinotarisira kurishandisa kuvandudza mamodheru edu ekufananidzira tisati taongorora puraneti yedu.

Paul Byrne weWashington University muSt. Louis uye anoshanda pamwe chete nesainzi yemarobhoti emuchadenga akawedzera kuti: “Kubudirira kwendege idzi dzekuedza kunoreva zvakawanda kwatiri: Takabudirira kuratidza tekinoroji inodiwa kuti tiongorore gore reVenus. Miedzo iyi ndiyo nzira yatingagonesa nayo kutsvaga marobhoti kwenguva refu pamusoro pegungwa reVenus.

Kufamba mumhepo dzeVenus

Saka sei mabharumu? NASA inoda kudzidza nzvimbo yemhepo yeVenus yakaderera zvakanyanya kuti orbiter ikwanise kuongorora. Kusiyana ne landers, iyo inoputika mukati memaawa, mabharumu anogona kubhururuka mumhepo kwemavhiki kana kunyange mwedzi, achibhururuka kubva kumabvazuva kuenda kumadokero. Bharumu rinogonawo kuchinja kukwirira kwaro pakati pe171,000 ne203,000 feet (52 kusvika 62 km) pamusoro pepamusoro.

Zvisinei, marobhoti anobhururuka haasi ega zvachose. Anoshanda nemhepo iri pamusoro pemhepo yeVenus. Kuwedzera pakuita ongororo dzesainzi, bharumu iri rinoshandawo senzira yekutaurirana nemhepo iri pamusoro.

Mabharuni mumabharuni

Muenzaniso wacho unongova "bharuni riri mukati mebharuni," vakadaro vaongorori.heliyamuinozadza dura remukati rakaoma. Panguva iyi, bharumu rekunze rinochinjika rehelium rinogona kukura nekukotama. Mabharumu anogonawo kukwira kumusoro kana kudonha pasi. Anoita izvi nerubatsiro rweheliyamumaburi emhepo. Kana timu yemumishinari yaida kusimudza bharumu, yaizoburitsa helium kubva mudura remukati kuenda kubharumu rekunze. Kuti bharumu ridzoserwe panzvimbo yaro,heliyamuinodzoserwa mudura remvura. Izvi zvinoita kuti bharumu rekunze rigadzikane uye risanyatsoyerera.

Nzvimbo inoparadza

Pakukwirira kwakarongwa kwemakiromita makumi mashanu nemashanu pamusoro peVenus, tembiricha haina kunyanyisa uye kumanikidzwa kwemhepo hakuna kusimba. Asi chikamu ichi chemhepo yeVenus chichiri chakaoma, nekuti makore azere nemadonhwe esulfuric acid. Kuti vabatsire kutsungirira nharaunda iyi inoparadza, mainjiniya vakagadzira bharumu kubva muzvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvezvinhu. Chinhu chacho chine coating inodzivirira acid, metallization yekuderedza kupisa kwezuva, uye chikamu chemukati chinoramba chakasimba zvakakwana kutakura zvishandiso zvesainzi. Kunyangwe zvisimbiso hazvidziviri acid. Kuongororwa kwekubhururuka kwakaratidza kuti zvinhu nekuvakwa kwebharumu zvinofanirawo kushanda paVenus. Zvinhu zvinoshandiswa pakugara kweVenus zvakaoma kugadzira, uye kusimba kwekubata kwatakaita pakuburitswa nekudzorerwa kweNevada kunotipa chivimbo mukuvimbika kwemabharumu edu paVenus.

Kwemakumi emakore, vamwe masayendisiti nemainjiniya vakapa mazano ekuti mabharumu ashandiswe senzira yekuongorora Venus. Izvi zvinogona kuzoitika munguva pfupi iri kutevera. Mufananidzo kuburikidza neNASA.

Sainzi muMhepo yeVenus

Masayendisiti anoshongedza mabharumu ekuongorora kwakasiyana-siyana kwesainzi. Izvi zvinosanganisira kutsvaga mafungu eruzha mumhepo inogadzirwa nekudengenyeka kwenyika kweVenusian. Imwe yeongororo dzinonakidza ichave kuumbwa kwemhepo pachayo.Kabhoni dhayiokisaidhindiyo inoumba chikamu chikuru chemhepo yeVenus, zvichiwedzera simba remhepo inopisa yakaita kuti Venus ive chinhu chinoshamisa. Ongororo itsva iyi inogona kupa zviratidzo zvakakosha zvekuti izvi zvakaitika sei chaizvo. Kutaura zvazviri, masayendisiti anoti mumazuva ekutanga, Venus yaimbova yakafanana neNyika. Saka chii chakaitika?

Ehe, kubva pakawanikwa masayendisiti phosphine mumhepo yeVenus muna 2020, mubvunzo wekuti pane hupenyu hunogona kuitika mumakore eVenus wamutsa kufarira. Kwakatangira phosphine hakunyatsojekeswi, uye zvimwe zvidzidzo zvichiri kusava nechokwadi nezvekuvapo kwayo. Asi mabasa emabharuni akadai angave akakodzera kuongorora zvakadzama makore uye pamwe kutoona chero tupukanana zvakananga. Mabasa emabharuni akadai anogona kubatsira kuburitsa chimwe chezvakavanzika zvinovhiringidza uye zvinonetsa.