Pasina tekinoroji yemvurahydrogenuye mvurahelium, mamwe mahombe ezvesainzi angave murwi wesimbi dzakaraswa… Akakosha zvakadii hydrogen uye mvura helium?

Masayendisiti echiChinese akakunda seihydrogenuye herium isingabviri kunyungudika? Kunyange pachinzvimbo pakati pevakanakisisa munyika? Ngatiratidzei misoro inopisa senge "Ice Arrow" uye helium kuvuza, uye tifambe muchitsauko chakanakisa chenyika yangu cryogenic indasitiri pamwechete.

Ice Rocket: Chishamiso cheLiquid Hydrogen uye Liquid Oxygen

Isu yeChina Yakareba Kurume 5 inotakura roketi, iyo "Hercules" yeindasitiri yezvemuchadenga, "90% yemafuta iri mvura.hydrogenpaminus 253 degrees Celsius uye liquid oxygen iri minus 183 degrees celsius” - iri pedyo nemuganhu wekushisa kwakadzika, uye ndikowo kwakabva zita rokuti "Ice Rocket".

Sei uchisarudza mvura yehydrogen?

Chikonzero chiri nyore: huwandu hwakafanana hwehydrogenine vhoriyamu inokwana ka800 yemvura yehydrogen. Ichishandisa mafuta emvura, “tangi remafuta” reroketi rinochengetedza nzvimbo yakawanda, uye goko racho rinogona kuva rakatetepa, kuitira kuti ritakure mitoro yakawanda kuenda kudenga. Iko kusanganiswa kweiyo hydrogen yemvura uye okisijeni yemvura haingori nharaunda chete, asi zvakare inogona kuburitsa kukurumidza kukurumidza kuwedzera uye kugadzirisa injini kushanda zvakanaka. Ndiyo yakanakisa sarudzo ye rocket propellant.

Helium leak: Iyo mhondi isingaonekwe mumunda wemuchadenga

SpaceX yakatanga kurongerwa kuita "North Star Dawn" mishoni mukupera kwaNyamavhuvhu, asi kuvhurwa kwakamiswa nekuda kwekuonekwa kweheliumkuvunza kusati kwatanga. Helium inobata basa re "kukupa ruoko" pa rocket. Inoburitsa okisijeni yemvura muinjini sesirinji.

Zvisinei,heliumine huremu hudiki hwemamorekuru uye iri nyore kudonha, zvinova zvine njodzi kuhunyanzvi hwemuchadenga. Chiitiko ichi zvakare chinoratidza kukosha kwehelium mumunda wemuchadenga uye kuoma kwekushandiswa kwayo.

Hydrogen uye helium: iyo yakanyanya kuwanda zvinhu mune zvakasikwa

Hydrogen uyeheliumhavasi "vavakidzani" chete mutafura yeperiodic, asiwo zvinhu zvakawanda zvakanyanya muchadenga. Hydrogen fusion inoburitsa kupisa kuita helium, chiitiko chinoitika zuva nezuva pazuva.

The liquefaction ofhydrogenuye helium inoshandisa nzira imwechete yefiriji, uye tembiricha yavo yekunyungudika yakadzikira zvakanyanya, pa -253 ℃ uye -269 ℃ zvichiteerana. Kana tembiricha yemvura helium inodonha kusvika -271 ℃, shanduko ye superfluid ichaitika, inova macroscopic quantum athari.

Iko kuvandudza tekinoroji tekinoroji senge quantum computing ichave nekuwedzera kudiwa kwenzvimbo dzakadzikira tembiricha, uye masayendisiti echiChinese acharamba achienderera mberi nerwendo rwekudzika-tembiricha uye kubatsira zvakanyanya mukufambira mberi kwesainzi uye tekinoroji. Kwazisai masayendisiti, uye ngatitarisirei kubudiriro yavo yakanakisa mune ramangwana!