Muna 2018, musika wepasi rose wegesi yemagetsi yemagetsi yakabatana wakasvika US$4.512 bhiriyoni, kuwedzera kwegore negore kwe16%. Kukura kwakanyanya kweindasitiri yegesi yemagetsi yemagetsi yesemiconductors uye kukura kukuru kwemusika kwakakurumidzisa hurongwa hwekutsiva gasi remagetsi remagetsi!
Chii chinonzi gasi remagetsi?
Gasi remagetsi rinoreva zvinhu zvekutanga zvinoshandiswa mukugadzira ma semiconductors, flat panel displays, light-emitting diodes, solar cells nezvimwe zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi, uye rinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukuchenesa, kutema, kugadzira mafirimu, kushandisa zvinodhaka nezvimwe zvinhu. Nzvimbo huru dzekushandisa gasi remagetsi dzinosanganisira indasitiri yemagetsi, solar cells, mobile communications, car navigation uye car audio and video systems, aerospace, military industry nedzimwe nzvimbo dzakawanda.
Gasi remagetsi rinogona kukamurwa kuita mapoka manomwe zvichienderana nekuumbwa kwaro kwemakemikari: silicon, arsenic, phosphorus, boron, metal hydride, halide uye metal alkoxide. Zvichienderana nenzira dzakasiyana dzekushandisa mumaseketi akabatanidzwa, rinogona kukamurwa kuita gasi redoping, gasi re epitaxy, gasi re ion implantation, gasi re light-emitting diode, gasi re etching, gasi re chemical vapor deposition uye gasi re balance. Kune magasi akakosha anopfuura 110 anoshandiswa muindasitiri ye semiconductor, ayo anopfuura 30 anowanzo shandiswa.
Kazhinji, indasitiri yekugadzira magesi e semiconductor inokamura magasi kuita mhando mbiri: magasi akajairika nemagasi akakosha. Pakati pawo, gasi rinowanzoshandiswa rinoreva nzvimbo iri pakati uye rinoshandisa gasi rakawanda, senge N2, H2, O2, Ar, He, nezvimwewo. Gasi rakakosha rinoreva mamwe magasi emakemikari anoshandiswa mukugadzirwa kwe semiconductor, akadai sekuwedzera, kupinza maion, kusanganisa, kuwacha, uye kugadzira mask, inova ndiyo yatinodaidza kuti electronic special gas, senge high-purity SiH4, PH3, AsH3, B2H6, N2O, NH3, SF6, NF3, CF4, BCl3, BF3, HCl, Cl2, nezvimwewo.
Mukugadzirwa kwese kweindasitiri ye semiconductor, kubva pakukura kwema chip kusvika pakurongedza kwekupedzisira kwemudziyo, chinenge chinhu chega chega chinosanganiswa hachiparadzaniswi negesi chaiyo yemagetsi, uye mhando dzakasiyana dzegesi inoshandiswa uye zvinodiwa zvemhando yepamusoro, saka gasi remagetsi rine zvinhu zve semiconductor. "Chikafu".
Mumakore achangopfuura, zvinhu zvikuru zvemagetsi muChina zvakaita semasemiconductor nema display panels zvawedzera kugona kugadzira zvinhu zvitsva, uye pane kudiwa kukuru kwekupinzwa kwezvinhu zvemagetsi zvinotsiva zvinhu zvemagetsi. Nzvimbo yemagasi emagetsi muindasitiri yemasemiconductor yave kuzivikanwa zvakanyanya. Indasitiri yemagetsi emagetsi yemuno ichaunza kukura nekukurumidza.
Gasi remagetsi rine zvinodiwa zvakanyanya pakuchena, nekuti kana kuchena kwacho kusingasvike pazvinodiwa, mapoka ekusvibiswa akadai semvura neokisijeni mugasi remagetsi rinogadzira firimu reokisijeni pamusoro pe semiconductor, izvo zvinokanganisa hupenyu hwese hwemidziyo yemagetsi, uye gasi remagetsi rine tsvina inogona kukonzera mapfupi e semiconductor uye kukuvara kwedunhu. Zvinogona kutaurwa kuti kuvandudzwa kwekuchena kunoita basa rakakosha mukubudirira uye kushanda kwekugadzirwa kwemidziyo yemagetsi.
Nekufambira mberi kuri kuita indasitiri ye semiconductor, maitiro ekugadzira machip ari kuramba achivandudzwa, uye ikozvino asvika 5nm, iyo yava kuda kusvika pamuganho weMoore's Law, iyo yakaenzana nechikamu chimwe chete pamakumi maviri chedhayamita yebvudzi remunhu (inenge 0.1 mm). Nokudaro, izvi zvinopawo zvinodiwa zvakanyanya pakuchena kwegasi remagetsi rinogadzirwa nema semiconductors.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-15-2021
