Heliumndeimwe yemagasi mashoma akareruka kupfuura mhepo. Chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti yakagadzikana, haina ruvara, haina hwema uye haina njodzi, saka isarudzo yakanaka kwazvo kuishandisa kuputitsa mabharumu anoyangarara ega.

Iye zvino helium inowanzonzi "gasi rare earth" kana kuti "golden gas".Heliuminowanzoonekwa sechiwanikwa chega chisingadzokororwe pasi pano. Kana ukashandisa zvakawanda, unowana zvishoma, uye ine mashandisirwo akasiyana-siyana.

Saka, mubvunzo unonakidza ndewokuti, helium inoshandiswa chii uye nei isingadzokororwe?

Helium yepasi inobvepi?

Heliumiri pachinzvimbo chechipiri mutafura yeperiodic. Kutaura zvazviri, ndiyo element yechipiri yakawanda kwazvo muchadenga, yechipiri mushure mehydrogen chete, asi helium haiwanzoonekwi zvakanyanya paPasi.

Izvi zvinodaro nekutiheliyamuine valence ye zero uye haiitirwe makemikari mumamiriro ese ezvinhu akajairwa. Inowanzovapo chete muchimiro che helium (He) nemagasi ayo e isotope.

Panguva imwe chete, nekuti chiedza chayo chakanyanya, kana yangoonekwa pamusoro penyika muchimiro chegasi, inopukunyuka zviri nyore muchadenga pachinzvimbo chekuramba iri panyika. Mushure memazana emamiriyoni emakore ekupukunyuka, pane helium shoma yasara paNyika, asi huwandu hwehelium huripo mumhepo hunogona kuramba huripo pazvikamu zvinosvika 5.2 pamiriyoni.

Izvi zvinodaro nekuti lithosphere yePasi icharamba ichigadziraheliyamukuti itsive kurasikirwa kwayo. Sezvatakambotaura, helium haiwanzoitiki nemakemikari, saka inogadzirwa sei?

Ruzhinji rwehelium panyika rwunobva mukuora kwemwaranzi, kunyanya kuora kweuranium nethorium. Iyi ndiyo nzira chete yekugadzira helium parizvino. Hatigone kugadzira helium nemakemikari kuburikidza nekuita kwemakemikari. Ruzhinji rwehelium rwunoumbwa nekuora kwechisikigo runopinda mumhepo, ruchichengetedza huwandu hwehelium uku ruchiramba ruchirasikirwa, asi rumwe rwacho ruchavharwa nelithosphere. Helium yakavharirwa inowanzo sanganiswa negasi rechisikigo, uye pakupedzisira inogadzirwa nekuparadzaniswa nevanhu.

Chii chinoshandiswa nehelium?

Helium ine kunyungudika kushoma uye ine simba rekupisa rakawanda. Hunhu uhwu hunoita kuti ishandiswe muzvinhu zvakawanda, zvakaita sekukwesha, kudzvanya uye kuchenesa, izvo zvese zvinoda kushandisa helium.

Zvisinei, chii chinoita kutiheliyamu"Gasi regoridhe" ndiro rinofashaira zvishoma. Tembiricha yakakosha uye inofashaira ye liquid helium ndeye 5.20K uye 4.125K zvichiteerana, izvo zviri pedyo ne zero chaiyo uye zvakaderera pakati pezvinhu zvese.

Izvi zvinoita kutiheliyamu yemvurainoshandiswa zvakanyanya mu cryogenics uye mukupisa kwema superconductors.

Zvimwe zvinhu zvinoratidza superconductivity patembiricha ye liquid nitrogen, asi zvimwe zvinhu zvinoda tembiricha yakaderera. Zvinoda kushandisa liquid helium uye hazvigone kutsiviwa. Semuenzaniso, zvinhu zvinofambisa simba zvinoshandiswa mu magnetic resonance imaging michina uye European Large Hadron Collider zvese zvinotonhodzwa ne liquid helium.

Kambani yedu iri kufunga nezvekupinda mumunda we helium, ndapota rambai makatarisa.