Hydrogen (H2)

Magadzirirwo ehunyanzvi

Hydrogen ine fomura yemakemikari yeH2 uye huremu hwemamorekuru hwe2.01588. Pasi pekupisa nekumanikidzwa kwakajairika, igesi rinobvira moto zvakanyanya, risina ruvara, rinoonekera, risina hwema uye risina kunaka iro rakaoma kunyungudika mumvura, uye hariite nezvinhu zvakawanda. Zvisinei, pasi pekumanikidzwa kwakanyanya uye mamiriro ekupisa ari pakati nepakati, hydrogen inobata nezvinhu zvakawanda zvehydrocarbon mukuita kwe catalytic. Hydrogen ndiyo gasi risinganyanyi kusimba rinozivikanwa pasi rose. Huremu hwehydrogen i1/14 chete yemhepo, kureva kuti, pa1 standard atmosphere ne0°C, huremu hwehydrogen i0.089g/L. Hydrogen ndiyo huru yezvinhu zvemaindasitiri. Maindasitiri epeturu nemakemikari anoda huwandu hwakawanda hwehydrogen. Pakati pawo, kugadziriswa kwemafuta efossil uye kugadzirwa kweammonia neHubble process ndiwo mashandisirwo makuru. Kuwedzera pakushandiswa mumakemikari, hydrogen inewo mashandisirwo akasiyana-siyana mufizikisi neinjiniya. Inogona kushandiswa segasi rekudzivirira mune dzimwe nzira dzekubatanidza. Hydrogen igesi inokosha mumaindasitiri uye gasi rakakosha, uye ine mashandisirwo akasiyana-siyana muindasitiri yemagetsi, indasitiri yesimbi, kugadzira chikafu, girazi rinoyangarara, synthesis yakanaka yeorganic, aerospace, nezvimwewo. Panguva imwe chete, hydrogen isimba rechipiri rakakodzera (simba rechipiri rinoreva simba rinofanira kugadzirwa kubva kune simba rekutanga senge simba rezuva, marasha, nezvimwewo) uye mafuta egasi. Inopisa semurazvo unoonekera, izvo zvakaoma kuona. Mvura ndiyo yega Zvigadzirwa zvekupisa. Hydrogen inogona zvakare kushandiswa sechinhu chisina kugadzirwa cheammonia yakagadzirwa, methanol yakagadzirwa, uye hydrochloric acid yakagadzirwa, sechinhu chinodzikisa simbi, uye sechinhu chinobvisa hydrogen mukuchenesa peturu. Nekuti hydrogen igesi rinobatidzwa rinobvira, rinofanira kuchengetwa mudura rinotonhorera, rine mhepo inofefetera. Tembiricha iri mudura haifanirwe kudarika 30°C. Chengeta kure nemoto nenzvimbo dzinopisa. Dzivisa chiedza chezuva chakananga. Inofanira kuchengetwa yakasiyana neokisijeni, mhepo yakamanikidzwa, halogens (fluorine, chlorine, bromine), oxidants, nezvimwewo. Dzivisa kuchengetwa kwakasanganiswa uye kutakurwa. Mwenje, mhepo inofefetera nezvimwe zvinhu zviri muimba yekuchengetera zvinhu zvinofanirwa kunge zvisingaputike, zvine maswichi ari kunze kweimba yekuchengetera zvinhu, uye zvine mhando dzakakodzera uye huwandu hwemidziyo yekudzimisa moto. Ramba kushandisa michina nezvishandiso zvinogona kupiswa nemoto.

Kushandiswa:

①Kushandiswa Kwemaindasitiri:

Mukugadzirwa kwemagirazi ekupisa kwakanyanya uye mukugadzirwa kwema microchips emagetsi.

②Kushandiswa Pakurapa:

Chipo chekurapa marudzi ezvirwere, zvakaita sebundu, sitiroko.

③Mukugadzira semiconductor:

Gasi rinotakura, kunyanya rekushandisa chromatography yegesi yesilicon deposition.

Pakeji yakajairika:

Zvakanakira:

①Makore anopfuura gumi ari pamusika;

②Mugadziri wezvitupa zveISO;

③Kutumira nekukurumidza;

④Manyuko ezvinhu zvakabikwa akagadzikana;

⑤Sisitimu yekuongorora yepamhepo yekudzora mhando padanho rega rega;

⑥Kushandiswa kwakawanda uye kwakanyatsorongwa kwekubata silinda usati wazadza;