Hydrogen Chloride (HCl)

Magadzirirwo ehunyanzvi:

Hydrogen chloride ine fomura yemakemikari inonzi HCl. Molekyuru yehydrogen chloride inoumbwa neatomu yechlorine neatomu yehydrogen. Igasi risina ruvara rine hwema hunopisa. Gasi rinoora, risingatsve, harisangani nemvura asi rinonyungudika nyore mumvura. Rinowanzova mumhepo riri muchimiro cheutsi hwehydrochloric acid. Hydrogen chloride inonyungudika nyore muethanol ne ether, uye inonyungudikawo mune zvimwe zvinhu zvakawanda zve organic; inonyungudika nyore mumvura, pa 0°C, vhoriyamu imwe yemvura inogona kunyungudutsa mavhoriyamu angangoita mazana mashanu ehydrogen chloride. Mvura yayo inozivikanwa sehydrochloric acid, uye zita rayo resainzi ihydrochloric acid. Hydrochloric acid ine concentrated inoshanduka-shanduka. Hydrogen chloride haina ruvara, ine poindi yekunyungudika ye -114.2°C uye poindi yekufashaira ye -85°C. Haitsve mumhepo uye inogara yakagadzikana pakupisa. Haiwori kusvika pa1500°C. Ine hwema hunodzipa mweya, ine kutsamwisa kwakanyanya kunzira yekufema yepamusoro, uye inoparadza maziso, ganda uye mucous membranes. Kuwanda kwayo kwakakura kupfuura mhepo. Hunhu hwemakemikari hwehydrogen chloride yakaoma hahushandi zvakanyanya. Alkali metals nealkaline earth metals zvinogona kutsva muhydrogen chloride, uye kana sodium yatsva, inoburitsa murazvo weyero wakajeka. Hydrogen chloride inoshandiswa muindasitiri yepetrochemical kukurudzira kushanda uye kudzoreredza macatalysts uye kuwedzera viscosity yepetroleum; inogona kushandiswa kugadzira chlorosulfonic acid, synthetic raber, nezvimwewo; inogona zvakare kushandiswa kugadzira madhayi, zvinonhuwira, kugadzirwa kwemishonga, machlori akasiyana-siyana uye zvinodzivisa ngura, uye kuchenesa, Pickling, electroplating metal, tanning, refine kana kugadzira hard metal. High-purity hydrogen chloride gas inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukukura kwesilicon epitaxial, vapor phase polishing, gettering, etching uye cleansing processes muindasitiri yemagetsi.

Kushandiswa:

①Zvinhu:

Hydrogen chloride yakawanda inoshandiswa mukugadzira hydrochloric acid. Iyo zvakare chinhu chakakosha mukuchinja kwemakemikari mumaindasitiri.

②Semiconductor:

Muindasitiri ye semiconductor, inoshandiswa kuchenesa makristaro e semiconductor uye kuchenesa silicon kuburikidza ne trichlorosilane (SiHCl3).

③Rabhoritari:

Murabhoritari, mhando dzegasi dzisina mvura dzinonyanya kubatsira pakugadzira maLewis acids ane chloride, ayo anofanira kunge akaoma zvachose kuti nzvimbo dzawo dzeLewis dzishande.

Pakeji yakajairika:

Zvakanakira:

①Kuchena kwakanyanya, nzvimbo itsva;

②Mugadziri wezvitupa zveISO;

③Kutumira nekukurumidza;

④Sisitimu yekuongorora yepamhepo yekudzora mhando padanho rega rega;

⑤Kushandiswa kwakawanda uye kwakanyatsorongwa kwekubata silinda usati wazadza;